In gastroenterology, endoscopy is the process of visualizing the digestive tract for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. During endoscopy of the upper digestive tract, the larynx, esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, parts of the stomach, pyloric canal, and parts of the duodenum are visualized.
An endoscopy of the lower digestive tract, called colonoscopy, visualizes external and internal hemorrhoids, the rectum, sigmoid, descending, transverse, ascending colon and parts of the large intestine called the cecum and the terminal ileum, the last part of the small intestine.
